Hemorrhoids occur when there is enlargement of the blood vessels in and around the anus and lower rectum. The causes of hemorrhoids include chronic constipation, diarrhea, pregnancy, and improper diet and toilet habits. Most patients are able to ease their hemorrhoids through dietary changes and topical medications, but in some cases, hemorrhoids are severe enough to require additional treatment. The two most common types of hemorrhoid procedures are rubber band ligation and hemorrhoidectomy.
An anal fissure is a tear in the anus that is caused by constipation, diarrhea, and inflammation. Fissures can cause pain, bleeding, and itching. Most heal with medical treatment. However, some cases require a surgical procedure known as an internal sphincterotomy or Botox injection.
An anal abscess occurs when an anal gland becomes infected. This leads to anal swelling, pain, fever, and drainage of pus. Most times, there is no specific event that precedes the development of an anal abscess although occasionally patients will report constipation or diarrhea before development of the abscess. The abscess requires an incision and drainage which can usually be performed in the office.
Anal fistulas can occur after an abscess is drained and they are basically a small tunnel that forms between the infected anal gland and the surrounding perianal skin. Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease are at an increased risk for fistula development. Anal fistulas are usually treated with an out patient surgical procedure.
Anal warts are due to infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). They can affect both the inside and outside of the anus. Treatment varies based on the number and location of the warts. Limited warts can often be treated in the office whereas more extensive warts require an out patient surgical procedure.
Pruritis ani is a common condition that results in itching, burning, or discomfort in the anal region. While most cases are due to diet and hygiene factors, other causes can be more serious and include both pre-cancerous and cancerous conditions.
Each of these health issues can be extremely painful and inconvenient. Dr. Babak Rad and his staff support patients in their return to complete health and provide comprehensive treatment for these and other diseases in the Newport, CA and Orange County area.